Wichita, KS: Flock held constitutional "as currently configured"

United States v. Sidney Jamar Jackson, No. 6:24-cr-10010-JWB (D. Kan.), Judge John W. Broomes. A DEA taskforce used Wichita PD's Flock system, through a Haysville officer's MOU-based access, to locate a suspect's vehicle: nine hits over four hours, leading to a stop and 2.38 kg of methamphetamine. Suppression denied.

From sworn testimony: Wichita moved to Flock at the end of 2020 (66, then 110, then 160 by Jan. 2024, now 190 cameras), about 500 lane miles; over 775,000 vehicles captured in Feb. 2025 alone; 2,705 Flock searches and 37,113 hot-list hits in the 30 days before the April 16, 2025 hearing; MOUs with about 150 other jurisdictions; 30-day retention.

The opinion holds only for Flock "as currently configured," warns that broader deployment "could eventually rise to the level of systemic and continuous tracking" barred by Carpenter, and argues Congress, not courts, should set ALPR rules, noting that no federal ALPR framework exists (CRS R48160).

How we know: Opinion read directly (v3.15).